Effect of application of various types of controlled release fertilizers on vegetative growth of immature oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) during the unyielding cropphase
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.59651/cceria.v20i2.412Keywords:
Controlled Release Fertilizer, Haracoat, Fertilization Efficiency, Unyielding Crops palm oil, vegetative growthAbstract
Oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) is a strategic plantation commodity that requires optimal fertilization management since the Unyielding Crops phase. Conventional fertilizers are considered less efficient due to high nutrient losses through leaching and volatilization in wet tropical environments. This study aims to evaluate the influence of various types of controlled release fertilizers on the vegetative growth of unyielding crop oil palm in PT. Panca Surya Garden during the period 2013–2015. The experiment was designed using a Group Random Design (RAK) with four treatments and three replicates, namely ordinary NPK fertilizer (F0), Agroblen fertilizer (F1), Haracoat fertilizer (F2), and a combination of NPK with Agrinos biological fertilizer (F3). The parameters observed included the width and thickness of the petiole, the length of the fronds, the number of leaf strands, the height of the tree, and the length and width of the leaflets. The results showed that the F2 treatment (Haracoat) consistently gave the highest score on almost all parameters from the first to the third observation, with petiole width values reaching 2.14 cm (observation 1), 2.45 cm (observation 2), and 2.45 cm (observation 3), significantly different from other treatments based on DNMRT test at 5% significance level (p<0.05). In the fifth observation, the response between treatments tends to converge, indicating a weakening of the influence of fertilizer types as the plant ages. It is concluded that Haracoat fertilizer is the most effective choice to support optimal vegetative growth of oil palm in the unyielding crop phase, with superiority across parameters of petiole width, petiole thickness, frond length, number of leaf strands, and frond production compared to conventional NPK fertilizer, Agroblen, and the combination of NPK with Agrinos biological fertilizer.
References
Amran, M. A., Palaniveloo, K., Fauzi, R., Satar, N. M., Begam, T., Mohidin, M., Mohan, G., Razak, S. A., Arunasalam, M., Nagappan, T., Seelan, J., & Seelan, S. (2021). Value-Added Metabolites from Agricultural Waste and Application of Green Extraction Techniques. 1–28.
Anyi, P., Avianto, Y., & Rahayu, E. (2025). Effect of Kasgot Fertilizer Application and NPK 16:16:16 on the Growth of LCC (Mucuna bracteata) Seedlings. 9(2), 96–102.
Azmiyawati, C., Setyorini, A., Muhtar, H., Sriatun, S., & Darmawan, A. (2025). Optimizing nitrogen delivery: Controlled release of fertilizer using mesoporous silica for sustainable agriculture. Particulate Science and Technology, 43(4), 592–602. https://doi.org/10.1080/02726351.2025.2478222
Dyah, W., Parwati, U., Setyorini, T., Agroetechnology, P. S., & Agriculture, F. (2023). The effect of manure dosage and watering frequency on the growth of oil palm seedlings in pre-nursery. xxxx(xx).
Ezward, C., Andriani, D., Hytta, A., & Indrawanis, E. (2025). Application of Technology and Fertilizer Management on Oil Palm Plants in Kinali Village 9(4), 1212–1222.
Firlana, & Nelvia. (2024). Oil Palm Growth and Yield in Mycorrhiza-Applied Peatlands. 12(4), 777–785.
Hao, S., Peng, T., Chee, K. H., Saud, H. M., & Yusop, M. R. (2022). A Cost-Effective Novel Biochemical Fertilizer for Better Managing Nutrient Levels and Vegetative Growth in the Immature Oil Palm ( Elaeis guineensis Jacq .). Sec. 25.
Murugan, P., Ong, S. Y., Hashim, R., Kosugi, A., Arai, T., & Sudesh, K. (2020). Development and evaluation of controlled release fertilizer using P(3HB-co-3HHx) on oil palm plants (nursery stage) and soil microbes. Biocatalysis and Agricultural Biotechnology, 28, 101710. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bcab.2020.101710
Ngawit, I. K., Farida, N., & Kamil, I. (2024). Test of the Durability of Several Types of Ground Cover Crops of the Fabaceae Family on Weed Population and Growth in Corn Plants ( Zea mays L .) Testing The Effectiveness of Several Types of Fabaceae Family Soil Cover Plants on the Population and Growth of Corn Weeds ( Zea mays L .). 3(3), 246–257.
Nurul, A., Manurung, H., Yahya, S., & Nugroho, B. (2024). Phosphorus Uptake Model of Oil Palm Seedlings in the Main Nursery. 24(4), 1–12.
Oktavian, A., & Java, W. (2025). Optimization of compound NPK fertilizer dosage to enhance the productivity of 11-year-old oil palm ( Elaeis guineensis Jacq .) trees ( Mature planting year 8 ) * Corresponding. 19(09), 928–933.
Paminto, A. K., Karuniasa, M., & Frimawaty, E. (2024). Optimization of palm oil biodiesel production : Environmental impact analysis and POME waste utilization. 2(1), 15–30.
Pangaribuan, I. F., Wening, S., Pratiwi, D. R., Mardiana, C., & Diah, R. (2024). The effect of fertilizer variation doses input on seedlings of several oil palm varieties. Paragraphs 1013, 1–6.
Sitinjak, L. I., & Jannati, M. (2025). Slow Release Granular Biosilica Fertilizer for Peatland Oil Palm Cultivation. 8(2), 17–22. https://doi.org/10.35876/ijop.v8i2.140
Sukmawan, Y. (2024). The Effect of Irrigation Time and Slow-Release Fertilizer on Oil Palm Seedlings Under Controlled Drip Irrigation System The Effect of Irrigation Time and Slow-Release Fertilizer on Oil Palm Seedlings Under Controlled Drip Irrigation System. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1012/1/012025
Sumekar, Y. (2022). The effectiveness of the herbicide mixture of Saflufenacil 250 g / l + Trifludimoxazin 125 g / l against weeds on oil palm plantations has not yet yielded. 4(2019). https://doi.org/10.30595/pspfs.v4i.536
Yao, L., Baharum, A., Yu, L. J., Yan, Z., & Badri, K. H. (2025). Bio-based polyurethane as a sustainable coating material for controlled-release fertilizer.
Yoon, J., Ding, M., Ho, L. S., Ibrahim, J., Teh, C. K., & Goh, K. M. (2023). Impact of sterilization and chemical fertilizer on the microbiota of oil palm seedlings. (April), 1–17. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2023.1091755
