Relationship between agronomical practices and fusarium basal rot disease of shallots in Karo and Samosir Regencies North Sumatera
Keywords:
Agronomic practices, Disease Incidence, Fusarium Basal Rot, Shallot CultivationAbstract
Fusarium basal rot is one of the major factors inhibiting shallot production caused by infection of the Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cepae. Agronomical practices by farmers are considered important aspects influencing the incidence of this disease. The aimed of this study was to determine the incidence Fusarium basal rot of shallot in Karo and Samosir Regencies, North Sumatera, and to determine the relationship between disease incidence of Fusarium basal rot and agronomical practices of local farmers of shallot. This research was conducted in Payung and Pangambaten Villages, Karo Regency, and in Cinta Dame and Sait Nihuta Villages, Samosir Regency, North Sumatera. The methods employed included visual observation of disease symptoms and characteristics of disease signs of Fusarium basal rot of shallot. Subsequently, the incidence rate of basal rot disease was calculated at research location. Data agronomical practices of shallot were collected from shallot farmer respondents at the research sites using a survey method. The relationship between incidence of Fusarium basal rot disease data and agronomical practices of shallot data was analyzed using chi-square tabulation analysis. The results showed that disease incidence in both regions was relatively low, with an average occurrence of approximately 4.5%. Based on chi-square tabulation analysis, cultivation practices of shallot such as the use of resistant varieties of shallots, plastic mulch, crop rotation, and organic fertilizers were significantly associated with the low disease incidence of fusarium basal rot disease. Therefore, the use resistant varieties of shallot, polyculture planting patterns, plastic mulch, and organic fertilizers in shallot cultivation practices are recommended to prevent the incidence of Fusarium basal rot disease of shallot.
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