Impact of sustainable agricultural practices: quality aspects of organic and conventional Arabica Coffee planting systems in Karo Regency North Sumatra Indonesia
Keywords:
Specialty Coffee, Double Triangle Fence, Regenerative AgricultureAbstract
Environmentally friendly coffee cultivation has become necessary, considering the increasing attention to regenerative agriculture issues. This study aims to analyse the comparative results of Arabica coffee planting between organic and conventional systems. The research method is field observations that measured air and soil temperatures, humidity, and coffee cherry yield quality based on the weight and size of 100 cherries. The organic system uses fertiliser from coffee waste, applying shade plants and rorak. At the same time, the conventional system uses chemical fertilisers without shade plants and rorak. The results showed that the average air temperature in the organic system was reported at 26.5 °C, soil temperature at 20 °C and air humidity at 49%. The weight of 100 cherry seeds in the organic system reached 220 grams, with an average diameter of 13.92 mm. In contrast, the average air temperature in the conventional system was recorded at 32 °C, soil temperature at 23 °C, and humidity at 45%. The weight of 100 cherry seeds is 213 grams, with an average diameter of 13.55 mm. Arabica coffee cultivation with an organic system is superior in terms of the weight and size of the coffee cherries produced. Therefore, the impact of sustainable agricultural practices through organic methods can increase the quality of Arabica coffee yields and potentially lead to economic benefits for farmers. By maintaining the balance of the ecosystem, sustainable practices can ensure the long-term viability of coffee cultivation.
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