Internet of Things (IoT) based drip irrigation optimization to reduce the impact of drought on Tomato

Tambun Sihotang; Netty Vera Sihotang

Authors

Tambun Sihotang Universitas Sumatera Utara, Indonesia
Netty Vera Sihotang Universitas Palangkaraya, Indonesia

Keywords:

Precision irrigation, Internet of Things, Tomatoes, Drought, Water Efficiency, Tropical Agriculture

Abstract

Drought is one of the main challenges in tomato cultivation in the tropics, especially in the dry season. This study aims to examine the effectiveness of the Internet of Things (IoT) based drip irrigation system in maintaining soil moisture, supporting plant growth, increasing crop yields, and optimizing water use efficiency. The experimental design used RAK with three treatments: manual irrigation (P1), conventional drip irrigation (P2), and IoT-based drip irrigation (P3), each repeated three times. The results showed that P3 significantly maintained soil moisture in the optimal range (55.6% ±4.1), increased plant height (78.2 cm), number of leaves (27.4 leaves), and stem diameter (9.4 mm), and produced the highest fruit weight (1.85 kg/plant) with a water use efficiency of 4.59 liters/kg. IoT systems have proven to be superior to other treatments in supporting the growth and productivity of plants in a water-efficient manner. This study shows that sensor-based precision irrigation can be an adaptive solution to climate change and is feasible to be adopted in tropical horticultural agricultural systems in a sustainable manner.

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