TAMBUN-Thematic Analysis in Medical and Biomedical Understanding for the Nation

Correlation of the gut microbiome with mental health: biomedical perspectives and implications for holistic therapy

Bacha Carpenter — 2025-06-20

Research in the last two decades has shown that the gut microbiome plays a crucial role in the regulation of human mental health through the gut-brain axis. The study aims to investigate the biomedical relationship between the composition of the gut microbiota and psychological conditions, as well as to evaluate the potential of holistic therapies based on psychobiotic approaches. Using a systematic literature review method of 30 scientific articles between 2013–2023, it was found that intestinal dysbiosis correlates with mental disorders such as depression and anxiety, through neuroinflammatory pathways and neurotransmitter dysregulation. Four main themes were identified: (1) the role of the gut-brain axis, (2) the production of neurotransmitters by the microbiota, (3) the influence of diet and probiotics on mental state, and (4) the opportunities for the integration of holistic interventions in clinical psychiatry. The study concludes that microbiota-based interventions, such as anti-inflammatory diets and probiotic supplements, can be a promising complementary approach in the therapy of mental disorders. Clinical implications include the importance of integrating microbiome evaluation in psychiatric diagnosis and the development of individually tailored therapies.

Relationship between sleep quality and the risk of metabolic syndrome in healthcare workers in hospitals

Anggara Putra — 2025-06-20

Poor sleep quality has been shown to contribute to an increased risk of metabolic syndrome, especially in healthcare workers exposed to work stress and shift systems that do not match the circadian rhythm. This study aims to analyze the relationship between sleep quality and metabolic syndrome in health workers at the Medan City Hospital through a cross-sectional approach with 124 respondents. Sleep quality was measured using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), while metabolic syndrome was evaluated based on International Diabetes Federation (IDF) criteria. The results showed that 61.3% of respondents had poor sleep quality, and 35.5% had metabolic syndrome. There was a significant association between poor sleep quality and metabolic syndrome (p=0.002), as well as a positive correlation between PSQI score and the number of components of metabolic syndrome (r=0.411; p<0.001). These findings suggest that sleep disorders play an important role in increasing metabolic risk in health workers, so promotive interventions on sleep quality need to be a priority in hospital occupational health policies.

Utilization of deep learning in early detection of lung cancer through CT Scan images: thematic analysis in medical diagnosis innovation

Millie Bright — 2025-06-20

Early detection of lung cancer is a major challenge in the global healthcare system, particularly due to the often asymptomatic nature of the disease in its early stages. CT imaging (Computed Tomography) has become a key tool in early diagnosis, but it still faces challenges in terms of accuracy, interpretation time, and reliance on radiological expertise. This study aims to analyze the use of deep learning technology in increasing the effectiveness of lung cancer detection through CT scan images. This study uses a systematic literature review approach and thematic analysis of a number of popular deep learning models such as CNN (Convolutional Neural Network), U-Net, and ResNet. The results show that deep learning can significantly improve the sensitivity and specificity of diagnosis, while speeding up the detection process. The implications of this study open up great opportunities for the transformation of cancer diagnostic systems that are more efficient, accurate, and affordable.

Relationship between excessive gadget exposure and language development disorders in early childhood: a case study in urban areas

Nur Umar Hidayati — 2025-06-20

This study aims to analyze the relationship between excessive exposure to gadgets and language development disorders in early childhood in urban areas of Indonesia. Using a correlational quantitative approach and case study design, as many as 100 children aged 2–5 years from Jakarta, Bandung, and Surabaya were made respondents. The instruments used included a questionnaire on gadget exposure, the Early Language Milestone Scale (ELM-2), and direct clinical observation. The results of the analysis showed that there was a significant negative relationship between the duration of gadget use and the language development score (r = -0.624, p < 0.01). A simple linear regression model showed that the duration of exposure to gadgets contributed to a 38.9% variation in language development scores, with each additional 1 hour of screen time per day lowering the language score by 7,431 points. These findings confirm that uncontrolled exposure to gadgets can be a serious risk factor for early childhood language delay. Therefore, parental intervention, setting the duration of screen time, and selecting appropriate digital content are very important in promotive and preventive efforts for children's growth and development in the digital era.

Effectiveness of music therapy as a non pharmacological intervention on lowering blood pressure in the elderly with hypertension

Sucheera Yi Lim — 2025-06-20

The study aimed to test the effectiveness of instrumental classical music therapy in lowering blood pressure in the elderly with hypertension. This study used a quasi-experimental design with a non-equivalent control group. A total of 40 elderly people with mild to moderate hypertension were divided into two groups: intervention (n=20) and control (n=20). The intervention group was given 30 minutes of instrumental classical music therapy daily for 14 days, while the control group did not receive similar treatment. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure data were collected before and after the intervention, and analyzed using paired t-test and independent t-test. The results showed a significant decrease in systolic blood pressure in the intervention group by −9.4 mmHg (p=0.004) and diastolic blood pressure by −6.1 mmHg (p=0.008). In contrast, the control group did not show a meaningful decline. Comparisons between groups showed significant differences in systolic (p=0.001) and diastolic (p=0.003) blood pressure, which confirmed the effectiveness of the intervention. Instrumental classical music therapy has been shown to be statistically and clinically effective in lowering systolic and diastolic blood pressure in the elderly with hypertension. This intervention deserves to be considered as a complementary approach in geriatric nursing practice and community hypertension management programs.